| Stimulation and Emotional Expressions |
- provides a variety of sensory stimulation and positive emotional expressions
- expresses joy at child's effort and accomplishments
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- shows rigid emotional expression and inflexibility in responding to child
- seems unconcerned with child's developmental/ psychological needs
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- expresses conditional love and ambivalent feelings towards child
- shows little or no sensitivity to child's needs
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| Interactions |
- engages in competent, child centered interactions to encourage development
- friendly, positive interactions that encourage independent exploration
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- often insensitive to child's needs; unfriendly
- poor balance between child independence and dependence on parent
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- emotionally or physically rejects child's attention
- takes advantage of child's dependency status through coercion, threats, or bribes
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| Consistency and Predictability |
- demonstrates consistency and predictability to promote their relationship
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- often responds unpredictably, sometimes with emotional discharge
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- responds unpredictably, accompanied by emotional discharge
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| Rules and limits |
- makes rules for safety and health
- appropriate safeguards for child's age
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• Unclear or inconsistent rules for safety and health |
- Sporadic, capricious
- exploits or corrupts for parent's benefit
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| Disciplinary practices |
- occasionally scolds, criticizes, interrupts child activity
- teaches child through behavioural rather than psychological control methods
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- frequently uses coercive methods and minimizes child's competence
- uses psychologically controlling methods that confuse, upset child
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- uses cruel and harsh control methods that frighten child
- violates minimal community standards on occasion
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| Emotional delivery and tone |
- uses emotional delivery and tone that are firm but not frightening
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- uses verbal and non verbal pressure, often to achieve unrealistic expectations
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- frightening, threatening, denigrating, insulting
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MOST NEGATIVE